Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. If it is found and treated early, most women can be cured. This is why routine breast self-exams, mammography, and checkups by your doctor are important. The most common symptom of breast cancer is a new lump or mass.  The lump may feel very firm or hard.  They are usually painless and have irregular borders.  A lump or mass may appear in the breast or armpit. One may notice change in her breast shape, and symmetry. Sometimes there are abnormal discharges, skin sores or arm swelling. You should tell your doctor if you have any risk factor for breast cancer namely being positive for certain genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2), personal or family history of breast cancer or precancerous diseases, and history of recent hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The diagnostic modalities are clinical breast exam by your doctor, mammography, ultrasound, MRI and etc. Definite diagnosis though requires biopsy of the affected area. Your doctor will refer you to a medical and/or surgical oncologist for treatment.  An oncologist is a doctor with special training in cancer and cancer treatments.  Treatment for breast cancer depends on many factors, including the stage of the cancer and the cancer cell type. Most breast cancers require surgery as their main therapy. Additional radiation therapy, chemotherapy or hormone therapy may be used as well.